The population of Houston was 2,304,580 according to the 2020 U.S. census. In 2017, the estimated population was 2,312,717, and it increased to 2,325,502 in 2018. About 600,000 undocumented immigrants were living in the Houston area in 2017, making up nearly 9% of the city’s metropolitan population. During the 2010 United States census, Houston had a population of 2,100,263 residents, which was a significant increase from the 2,396 residents recorded in the 1850 census.
In 2019, Houston had 987,158 housing units and 876,504 households. Approximately 42.3% of Houston residents owned their homes, with an average of 2.65 people per household. The typical monthly cost for homeowners with a mortgage was $1,646, while those without a mortgage paid around $536. The median rent in Houston from 2015 to 2019 was $1,041. The median household income in 2019 was $52,338, and about 20.1% of Houston residents lived at or below the poverty line.